Transporter Systems and Metabolism at the Blood–Brain Barrier and Blood–CSF Barrier

Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The presence of blood–cerebrospinal fluid (B-CSF) and blood–brain barrier (BBB) causes attenuation of site-specific delivery of therapeutic agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Since last decade, nanocarriers such as liposomes, nanoparticles (NPs), nano emulsions, dendrimers, and exosomes have appeared as reliable drug delivery systems that provide site-specific drug release in the central nervous system and have overcome the limitations associated with these barriers to improve therapeutic outcome in neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, in the present chapter, we have highlighted physicochemical aspects of barriers and various drug transporting mechanisms across the BBB and B-CSF barriers.Besides, recent developments and future prospects of transporter systems in combating neurodegenerative diseases have also been discussed.