Engineered mesenchymal stem cells-laden chondroitin sulfate hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing through ROS scavenging and macrophage polarization

investigations in diabetic mouse models further confirmed the therapeutic potential, revealing a significant acceleration of wound closure, attenuation of inflammation, and augmentation of angiogenesis. Overall, this innovative hydrogel system that encapsulates surface-engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs-DCMMs) represents a promising remedy and a framework for stem-cell-based therapeutic systems to treat diabetic wounds.