Ligand-triggered antenna effect and dual emissions in Eu(iii) MOF and its application in multi-mode sensing of 1,4-dioxane

characteristics. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis supported the crucial role of Eu and the ligand system in efficiently detecting 1,4-dioxane by fluorescence spectroscopy, as shown in the energy level diagram. Future research could focus on optimizing these metal-organic frameworks for enhanced industrial applications in the detection of dioxane and exploring their potential applications in real-world environmental monitoring and public health safety.