Genetic Algorithm for Efficient Cluster Head Selection in LEACH protocol of Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Node (WSN) is made up of a large number of microsensor nodes that collect data and deliver it to base station based on some pre-defined instructions. In order to improve the system performance, LEACH protocol is usually employed to select the optimal Cluster head. In thi^s study, genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized for optimal cluster head selection in the LEACH protocol. The suggested GA-based LEACH technique was compared to the performance of the conventional LEACH and I-LEACH protocols, which were previously implemented. According to the findings, the proposed GA-based LEACH protocol outperforms the traditional LEACH and I-LEACH methods in terms of throughput, lifetime and energy dissipation. The GA-based LEACH can send over 350% more data packets than the traditional LEACH technique. Furthermore, as compared to I-LEACH, the sensor nodes' lifetime in the GA-based LEACH network increases by around 150%, and by nearly 300% when compared to traditional LEACH.