Discrepancy in the quantitative oxidation-state analysis of Eu species in sulfide phosphors by K-, L1- and L3-edge XANES spectrometry: choice of absorption edge and measurement mode

A quantitative analysis of the oxidation state of europium (Eu) in phosphor samples was performed using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to investigate the influence of the constituent elements, absorption edge and measurement mode on the evaluated oxidation states.