CoP/Co 2 P heterostructures embedded in biomass-derived carbons as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions

for HER and OER, respectively, along with excellent long-term durability, confirming its high efficiency for overall water splitting under alkaline conditions. The outstanding catalytic behavior was mainly ascribed to the amorphous framework, large active surface area, and enhanced charge-transfer capability of the catalyst. These findings underscore the potential of biomass-derived carbon as a platform for fabricating stable, low-cost, and efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for water-splitting applications, fostering environmentally benign energy technologies.