A ten‐year surveillance ofP aeruginosabloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital: Trends and risk factors for mortality

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P aeruginosa) is a leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of P aeruginosa bloodstream infections and to identify predictors of 30-day mortality. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in an academic tertiary hospital in Jordan. The medical records of patients hospitalised over ten years (1 January 2008-31 December 2017) were reviewed to identify patients' positive blood culture of P aeruginosa. Annual incidence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and risk factors for 30-day mortality were analysed. RESULTS: A total of 169 cases of P aeruginosa bloodstream infection were identified, with an overall incidence rate of 0.23 case/1000 admission. The overall crude 30-day mortality was 36.7%. Receipt of corticosteroids (OR = 4.5; P = .0017), severe sepsis and septic shock (OR = 2.7; P = .0476), admission to intensive care unit (OR = 5.9; P = .0004), end-stage renal disease (OR = 4.1; P = .0123), inappropriate empirical therapy (OR = 3.2; P = .0143) and inappropriate definitive therapy (OR = 2.9; P = .0110) were identified as independent risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSION: The annual incidence of P aeruginosa BSIs was fluctuating over ten years period. Several predictors for 30-day mortality in patients with P aeruginosa BSIs were identified, including inappropriate empirical and definitive therapy.