Rotating machinery fault diagnosis using dimension expansion and AntisymNet lightweight convolutional neural network

Abstract Deep learning-based methods have made remarkable progress in the field of fault diagnosis for rotating machinery. However, convolutional neural networks are not suitable for industrial applications due to their large model size and high computational complexity. To address this limitation, this paper proposes the Antisym module and constructs AntisymNet, which is combined with dimension expansion algorithms for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. To begin with, the original vibration signal of the rolling machinery is subjected to time-frequency transformations using the discrete Fourier transform and discrete wavelet transform. Subsequently, each transformed time-frequency signal is expanded in dimensions, resulting in two-dimensional matrix single channel images. These single channel images are then fused into RGB images to enhance the sample features. Finally, the proposed AntisymNet is utilized for recognizing and classifying the expanded signals. To evaluate the performance of AntisymNet, the MiniImageNet image dataset is employed as a benchmark, and a comparison is made with other state-of-the-art lightweight convolutional neural networks. Additionally, the effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis model is validated using the CWRU bearing dataset, Ottawa bearing dataset, and the hob dataset. The model achieves an impressive accuracy rate of 99.70% in the CWRU dataset, 99.26% in the Ottawa dataset, and an error rate of only 0.66% in the hob dataset. These results demonstrate the strong performance of the proposed fault diagnosis model.