Magnetically navigated and near-infrared programmable nanoinducers for co-activating pyroptosis and ferroptosis in antitumor immunotherapy

nanoparticles catalyze the Fenton reaction to induce intracellular ferroptosis, while the released pyroptotic antigens can recruit immune cells and sensitize the immune system. Through such a magnetic navigation and programmable controlled release mechanism, a potent antitumor immunological effect is triggered by the synergy of PTT, ferroptosis and pyroptosis immunotherapy. Therefore, tumor growth in subcutaneous breast cancer mouse models is significantly inhibited and survival rates are markedly improved. By combining with programmed death-ligand 1 antibody (aPD-L1) immunotherapy, SP@CSFe can trigger an immunological memory to suppress tumor recurrence. This study offers a magnetically targeted and programmable nanoinducer to integrate PTT ablation with pyroptosis-ferroptosis-induced immunogenic effects for effective and precise cancer therapy.