Application of membrane separation processes to the treatment of industrial effluents for water reuse

Abstract The discharge of industrial effluents into the water environment is becoming increasingly difficult because of environmental pollution considerations and the need to preserve water quality. Many industrial effluents are not suitable for biological treatment because of the presence of intractable organics, toxic materials and high mineral salt loads. With the advances being made in membrane separation technology, the treatment of industrial effluents by these means is becoming increasingly attractive for water reuse purposes. The applicability and scope of membrane technology for industrial effluent treatment are discussed.