Separation and identification of nematicidal active compounds in culture filtrate of Streptomyces aquilus JXGZ01 based on metabolomic analysis

Abstract BACKGROUND Meloidogyne incognita is one of the pathogenic nematodes with the widest range and most serious damage, which can infest many food and cash crops. We screened a strain of Streptomyces aquilus JXGZ01, whose culture filtrate showed excellent nematicidal activity and egg hatching inhibition activity against M. incognita . In this study, we performed metabolomic analysis of the culture filtrate of this strain. RESULTS The data showed that of the total 304 differential metabolites, 244 were significantly up‐regulated and 60 were significantly down‐regulated. Seven compounds with large fold changes were selected from the up‐regulated metabolites to test the nematicidal activity against M. incognita . The mortality of M. incognita in both 5 and 10 mg mL −1 of 4‐acetylaminobutyric acid was more than 85%. The mortality of M. incognita in both 10 and 100 mg mL −1 of ( R )‐(−)‐2‐phenylglycinol was more than 70%. The mortality rate of M. incognita in 100 mg of N ‐acetyl‐ l ‐glutamic acid was 78.25%. In addition, the hatching inhibition rate of egg masses were more than 90% for both 5 and 10 mg mL −1 of 4‐acetylaminobutyric acid. The hatching inhibition rate of egg masses were more than 80% for 100 mg and 10 mg ( R )‐(−)‐2‐phenylglycinol. The hatching inhibition rate of 100 mg N ‐acetyl‐ l ‐glutamic acid on eggs was 93.47%. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that S. aquilus can be a candidate microorganism for the biological control of M. incognita , and its metabolites 4‐acetylaminobutyric acid and ( R )‐(−)‐2‐phenylglycinol had great potential as nematicides. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.