[Analysis on the trend of innovation and development in the field of ophthalmology].

Objective: To systematically analyze the innovation and development trend in the field of ophthalmology. Methods: The latest ophthalmology funding program from the National Eye Institute and National Natural Science Foundation of China, and funding project for 2012 to 2016 from the National Institutes of Health, National Natural Science Foundation of China and National key research and development plan of China was collected. Using the comparative analysis method, the major ophthalmology funding areas at home and abroad were analyzed. Papers published in 2012 to 2016 in the field of ophthalmology were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection, among which ESI highly cited papers and hot papers were particularly selected. Using bibliometric methods, the time trend of the number of papers and the citation frequency were analyzed. Using the co-occurrence cluster analysis method, the continued focuses and emerging concerns of ophthalmology papers was analyzed. Results: The funding plan of the National Eye Institute mainly covers nine major diseases in ophthalmology. NSFC focuses on retinal damage and repair mechanisms. The National Key Research and Development Program of China focuses on research on high-end ophthalmic implants. NIH continues to focus on the molecular mechanisms of blinding eye disease such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, corneal disease and cataracts, basic research in genetics, and advanced diagnostic techniques such as imaging. Latest areas of interest involve gene editing techniques and the application of stem cell technology in ophthalmology. In China, research and application of stem cells in ophthalmic diseases, intraocular sustained-release drug carrier, and precision medicine research in ophthalmology are emerging areas of funding. In 2012 to 2016, research topics of 168 papers collected by ESI focused on macular degeneration, retinal diseases, glaucoma and other eye diseases. How to quickly promote new drugs and new technological achievements to the clinical application is a problem in the field of ophthalmology. How to change the ophthalmology clinic model, so as to provide patients with convenient and quality service, has become a research topic that needs to be given attention to. Conclusions: Based on the multidimensional analysis of innovation and development in the field of ophthalmology, cross application and integration of ophthalmology and high - tech fields such as advanced imaging technology, stem cell technology, gene editing technology, molecular targeting, and artificial intelligence will provide a strong basis for the enhancement of China's ophthalmology research innovation and international competitiveness. Research efforts for ophthalmic transformation should be strengthened, in order to realize the clinical application of the achievements as soon as possible. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 452-463).目的： 系统探讨眼科学领域的创新发展态势。 方法： 采用对比分析法，搜集美国国立眼科研究所、我国国家自然科学基金委员会最新眼科学资助规划，2012至2016年美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）以及我国国家自然科学基金委员会、国家重点研发计划等资助项目，分析国内外眼科学重点资助领域。采集2012至2016年Web of Science核心合集眼科学论文，选取其中的ESI（essential science indicators）高被引论文和热点论文，利用文献计量法分析论文数量和被引频次时间趋势，采用共现聚类分析法，分析眼科学论文持续关注和新兴关注研究领域。 结果： 美国国立眼科研究所资助规划主要布局在眼科学9种疾病，我国国家自然科学基金项目重点关注视网膜疾病损伤及其修复机制研究，国家重点研发计划关注高端眼科植入材料研究。美国NIH持续关注糖尿病视网膜病变、老年性黄斑变性、青光眼、角膜病、白内障等致盲性眼病的分子机制、遗传学等基础性研究以及影像学等先进诊断治疗技术的研究，最新关注领域涉及基因编辑技术、干细胞技术在眼科学领域的应用。我国干细胞在眼科疾病中的研究和应用、眼内药物缓释载体研究、眼科精准医学研究是资助的新兴领域。2012至2016年，眼科学ESI论文168篇，研究主题主要聚焦在黄斑变性、视网膜疾病、青光眼等眼部疾病。我国眼科研究领域面临着如何快速将新药物和新技术成果向临床应用推广的问题，如何使眼科诊断治疗模式凭借信息时代的契机发生改变，为患者提供更为方便和优质的服务，已成为需要重视的研究课题。 结论： 基于多维度分析，眼科学领域创新发展态势在于实现眼科学与先进影像技术、干细胞技术、基因编辑技术、分子靶向技术、人工智能技术等高新技术领域的交叉应用、整合和集成，为提升我国眼科学研究创新能力和国际竞争力提供有力的基础支撑。注重加强眼科自主研发和转化研究力度，早日实现成果转化。（中华眼科杂志，2018，54：452-463）.