Renal Targeted Therapies of Antihypertensive and Cardiovascular Drugs for Patients With Stages 3 Through 5d Kidney Disease

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has risen remarkably over the past decades, and the number of patients with CKD is expected to continue to grow significantly in the next 10 years. The mean global prevalence of CKD was estimated to be 14.8% in the latest United States Renal Data System (USRDS) 2016 report, making CKD an important public health problem that has encompassed diabetes mellitus in prevalence. 45% of patients with CKD have Stage 3 disease, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30-59 mL/min.