Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malignant Pericardial Mesothelioma

ABSTRACT Primary malignant pericardial mesothelioma (PMPM), a rare pericardium‐derived malignancy, urgently requires standardized diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. This consensus, established by the Chinese Alliance of Research for Mesothelioma (ChARM) through the integration of evidence‐based research and multicenter clinical expertise, addresses the following critical aspects: The disease is characterized by insidious progression and local invasiveness with the majority of cases diagnosed at advanced stages. Current multimodal therapeutic strategies include radical surgery, platinum‐based combination chemotherapy, and precision radiotherapy. The introduction of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors has extended median survival to up to 24 months. The consensus emphasizes the diagnostic utility of multimodal imaging combined with histopathological immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, a stratified prognostic model incorporating tumor biomarkers is proposed to standardize follow‐up surveillance protocols, ensuring a systematic monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic efficacy.