Ultrasound-assisted extraction of naringin from Exocarpium Citri Grandis using a novel ternary natural deep eutectic solvent based on glycerol: Process optimization using ANN-GA, extraction mechanism and biological activity

values of 19.6 μg/mL (α-glucosidase), 2.73 mg/mL (pancreatic lipase), and 1,086 μg/mL (acetylcholinesterase). These results indicate its potential for hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anti-Alzheimer's therapeutic effects. This work establishes a sustainable strategy for efficient Nar extraction, integrating green solvent technology with bioactivity assessment to advance its therapeutic potential.