Deterministic Generation of a Single-Byte Electric Skyrmion Bubble

Polar skyrmion bubbles are spherical electric solitons offering multiple new functionalities for the next generation of electronic devices. In this study, we explore the formation of these particlelike entities at room temperature within a ferroelectric nanostructure composed of a nanodot embedded in a thin film. Our findings emphasize the unique capability of this specific geometry to host various types of electric solitons, particularly to allow for a low-power encoding of a single-byte skyrmion bubble at the precise location of the nanodot through a sequence of bias voltage signals. This intricate process is found to be driven by the emergence of a negative nonlocal dielectric response in nanoscale ultrathin film. Our findings offer practical insights into the controlled encoding operations of polar defects at targeted locations, thereby paving the way for the practical implementation of emerging topological ferroelectrics in memory and logic devices.