Beyond Photoreceptors: Bio‐Inspired Neuromorphic Vision System Mimicking Drosophila 's Downstream Neural Circuitry With 2D β ‐Ga 2 O 3 Schottky Diodes

ABSTRACT Bio‐inspired artificial vision systems have made significant progress, but most focus on photo‐receptors, neglecting the hardware implementation of the efficient downstream neural circuits for complex computations like motion detection. To overcome this bottleneck, we demonstrate a neuromorphic vision system that mimics Drosophila 's motion detection pathway using high‐performance Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) based on two‐dimensional β ‐gallium oxide ( β ‐Ga 2 O 3 ) single crystals. The β ‐Ga 2 O 3 SBDs exhibit an exceptional rectification ratio (> 10 8 ), a near‐ideal ideality factor of 1.08, and robust half‐wave rectification up to 10 MHz, enabled by an atomically sharp semiconductor‐metal interface. These properties replicate the Drosophila 's motion detection circuitry: half‐wave rectification separates ON/OFF signals, whereas integrated resistor–capacitance (RC) circuits perform asymmetric temporal filtering. By implementing a hardware‐based Hassenstein‐Reichardt correlator model, our system successfully discriminates moving grating directions. Simulations of an 80 × 80 SBD array further demonstrate the decoding of complex rotational motion, generating optical flow fields, and identifying rotation centers. This work merges materials science and neuroscience through a hardware prototype that implements a complete bio‐inspired visual processing pipeline, paving the way for next‐generation compact intelligent vision systems.