Fluorine-free foaming extinguishing agent: Design route, fire extinguishing performance, foam stability mechanism

The development of fluorine-free foaming extinguishing agent, abbreviation FFEA, has become an urgent scientific challenge in the field of fire protection engineering due to the fact that the key component of existing aqueous film-forming foams is listed as a persistent organic pollutant. A study was conducted on foam performance and fire extinguishing efficiency of FFEA prepared by hydrocarbon and silicone surfactants with low-carbon alcohol modulation, using three selected silicone surfactants. The results show that the FFEA, including low-carbon alcohol-modulated Silok8141/SDS and Silok8008/SDS, exhibit low surface tension, good foam stabilization coefficient and long foam drainage time. Laboratory foam extinguishing experiments demonstrate that the FFEA produced by Silok8141/SDS/Isobutanol ternary system has better cooling effect and fire extinguishing performance. And the study of FFEA mechanism reveals that the addition of isobutanol blocks the foam liquid channel and increases the foam stability. The wide applicability of the design route for FFEA prepared by low-carbon alcohol-regulated hydrocarbon and silicone surfactants has been demonstrated.