Applications of metal–organic framework-derived N, P, S doped materials in electrochemical energy conversion and storage

With the increasing demands for fuels, it’s urgent to exploit energy devices with excellent performance. The MOF-derived materials are promising candidates for energy conversion and storage due to their large specific surface area, remarkable electrical conductivity and high mechanical strength. They can be prepared by calcination, in solution, etc. MOF-derived materials with heteroatom doping, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, possess characteristics of changing and promoting chemical composition and electronic structure, thus enhancing electrochemical performance. Herein, the latest progresses in MOF-derived N, P, S-doped materials for energy storage and conversion, including electrocatalytic water splitting, fuel cells, supercapacitors and batteries are introduced and summarized. Finally, the prospective applications of MOF-derived N, P, S-doped materials in energy storage and conversion are also concluded.