New reaction pathways by integrating chemo- and biocatalysis

The combination of chemo- and biocatalysis in one pot (integrated catalysis) is a powerful approach to develop new routes towards important products under mild and environmentally benign reaction conditions. Integrated catalysis can improve overall synthetic efficiency and, due to the complementary nature of chemo- and biocatalysts, transformations can be performed, which would be otherwise challenging using a single catalyst. In this review, we highlight recent trends for the combination of enzymes with chemocatalysts. Transition-metal catalysis, organocatalysis, and photoredox catalysis have been combined with different biocatalysts and are discussed accordingly. We highlight further how integrated catalysis not only delivers benign substitutes for known transformations but moreover enables transformations that would be otherwise impossible.