Recent Advances in Nanoparticle Formulations for Treating Fungal Diseases

Abstract Fungal diseases pose a significant threat to human health, agriculture, and food security worldwide. Nanoparticles can overcome many of the complications associated with traditional antifungal treatments, including increased drug resistance and host toxicity. Here, recent innovations in nanoparticle formulations addressing fungal diseases that affect human, animal, and plant health (i.e., a One Health approach), are reviewed. This review provides a comprehensive summary and discussion of promising nanoparticle formulations used to prevent and treat a broad spectrum of fungal diseases, with a focus on nanoparticle material selection and design. Inorganic nanoparticle formulations optimized as antifungal agents against drug‐resistant fungal pathogens, as well as those showing potential as alternative agricultural fungicides, are specifically highlighted. Organic nanoparticle formulations for improved and controlled antifungal therapeutic delivery are also discussed. Inorganic–organic composite nanoparticle formulations that exhibit enhanced antifungal activity and stability are also described. Finally, recent research on nanoparticle formulations that are specifically designed to target and interact with fungal cells, using several unique fungal‐targeting moieties, are described.