An antibiotic concentration gradient microfluidic device integrating surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for multiplex antimicrobial susceptibility testing

strains. Compared with the parameters for conventional AST methods, the AST procedure based on this chip requires only 20 μL of bacteria solution and 5 h of operation time. This result indicates that this integrated system can greatly shorten and simplify the tedious and labor-intensive procedures required for current standard AST methods.