Flexible Electromagnetics

Flexible electromagnetics, as an emerging and interdisciplinary field, integrates traditional electromagnetic functions such as the transmission, radiation, receiving, and processing of electromagnetic waves with advanced flexible electronic technologies. This integration overcomes the inherent limitations of traditional rigid electromagnetic devices, thereby significantly expanding the applicability of electromagnetic technology in complex environments. It provides new research avenues and directions for the application of electromagnetic technology in cutting-edge fields such as smart healthcare, artificial intelligence, and aerospace. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in flexible electromagnetics from four key aspects: materials, devices, integration, and applications. Firstly, we provide a succinct introduction to flexible electromagnetic materials including metallic materials, inorganic nonmetallic materials, polymer materials, and composite materials. Then, we explore the development status of flexible electromagnetic devices such as antennas, radio frequency resonators, and electromagnetic shielding devices. Furthermore, we survey the advancements and applications of flexible electromagnetic integrated system in the fields of intelligent medical treatment and intelligent information perception. Finally, we summarize the current challenges in the field of flexible electromagnetics and provide a preliminary outlook on future development trends.