Recent advances in graphene-based magnetic composites for magnetic solid-phase extraction

In recent years, graphene-based magnetic composites have attracted tremendous research interest owing to its exceptional properties, such as huge surface area, large delocalized π-electron system, strong magnetic responsiveness, and excellent mechanical/thermal stability. These promising properties together with the ease of processibility and functionalization render graphene-based magnetic composites to be ideal adsorbents in magnetic solid-phase extraction. In this review, we outline the state of the art on the preparation approaches for different graphene-based magnetic composites and its application as adsorbents in preconcentrating organic compounds, biological macromolecules, and metal ions. In addition, future research directions of this type of magnetic materials are identified as well.