AIM: To observe the effect of IFN-γ on the A549 cell proliferation and the expression of P21 protein.METHODS: A549 cells were cultured and incubated with IFN-γ.MTT colorimetric method was used to observe the effect of IFN-γ on the A549 cell proliferation,and the change of P21 protein expression was observed by the immunocytochemistry.RESULTS: Compared with those of control group,the results of MTT showed that IFNγ could reduce the A549 cell proliferation.From the experiment of immunocytochemistry,the expression of P21 protein increased significantly after treatment with IFN-γ.CONCLUSION: IFN-γ can induce the expression of P21 protein and inhibit the A549 cell proliferation and maybe provide the new idea for the therapy of lung cancer.