Longitudinal PFAS exposure and thyroid function trajectories in Taiwanese youth: a 10-year prospective cohort study

PFAS exposure was associated with lower TSH and higher free T4 over 10 years of follow-up, suggesting sustained thyroid-axis perturbation from adolescence into young adulthood. These findings underscore a susceptible developmental window and support long-term biomonitoring and stronger regulatory action where PFAS contamination persists.