‘AIA-PCEK’: A new framework for teaching with AI

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education is reshaping teaching and learning paradigms, transforming AI from a passive tool into an adaptive, autonomous agent capable of complex, human-like interactions. This shift has been accelerated by the emergence of generative AI capable of autonomous behaviors and adaptive learning. While the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has long guided educators in technology integration, its foundational assumptions about technology as static and teacher-controlled are increasingly lacking flexibility to accommodate the dynamic, interactive nature of AI. This paper introduces AIA-PCEK (Artificial Intelligence Agent – Pedagogical Content Ethical Knowledge), a framework that reconceptualizes teacher knowledge by integrating AI-agent literacy, ethical oversight, adaptive content management, and the cultivation of critical thinking. To support the development of AIA-PCEK, a bibliometric analysis was conducted using major academic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar), covering literature from 2006 to 2023. These findings were triangulated with qualitative insights from the Erasmus + VOLCANIC project, which trained in-service teachers in AI-enhanced pedagogies. This study positions AIA-PCEK as a comprehensive model that enables educators to address the pedagogical, ethical, and interactive dimensions of AI in classrooms, providing strategies for responsible integration while fostering student autonomy and critical thinking in AI-supported environment.