Objective:To discuss the reasons refering to IVF fertilization failure or low fertilization rate.Methods: The data of the patients refering to IVF fertilization failure or low fertilization rate during July 2009 and June 2011 were analyzed.A contrast group of the randomly selective patients who had a good fertilization rate during the same period was established.The differences between the two above groups were compared.Results: The number of patients refering to fertilization failure or low fertilization rate was 47 in a total of 1308 cases.The incidence rate was 3.6%.Ovum mature rate and normal sperm rate were statistically different between the fertilization failure or low fertilization rate group and the control one.Conclusions: The main factors leading to IVF failure or low fertilization rate were ovum mature rate and normal sperm rate.