A Temperature-Aware Operating Model of EV Battery for Resilient Residential Microgrids in Frigid Weather

Electric vehicle batteries (EVBs) are important resilient resources for residential microgrids (RMGs) in extreme weather such as a cold wave. However, the existing EVB operating models always ignore the reduced energy availability of EVB in frigid temperature, which could result in an infeasible home energy management strategy for RMGs. This paper proposes a temperature-aware operating (TAO) model of EVB considering the impact of frigid temperature. First, the operating temperature of EVB at four different statuses, i.e., idling, discharging, charging, and preheating, is calculated, which is the basis of TAO model. Then, the energy availability of EVB is quantified considering the impact of operating temperature, and then temperature-aware operating constraints of EVB including the preheating process are formulated. Furthermore, the original TAO is further linearized to ensure tractability. To verify the effectiveness of the TAO model, the developed model is applied into a home energy management strategy (HEMS) optimization problem, where uncertain departure time of EVs is considered. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed TAO model can facilitate a more accurate evaluation of the resilience-supporting capability of EVBs as well as outperforming current EVB operating models in terms of feasibility for resilience-oriented HEMS problem.