Cytotoxic chemotherapy may be used as a last resort after failure of a prior treatment by targeted therapy or immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate if a prior treatment by targeted therapy or immunotherapy may influence clinical outcomes in patients treated by a second line cytotoxic chemotherapy in metastatic melanoma. We found that patients treated by cytotoxic chemotherapy after prior treatment by targeted therapy, tended to have worse clinical outcomes than patients previously treated by immunotherapy and that prior immunotherapy does not seem to potentiate response to cytotoxic chemotherapy when compared to historical cohorts.