Elastodynamic theory was applied to the assessment and prediction of vibration alongside tracks from the operation of high-speed trains. Field measurements of high-speed Shinkansen trains in Japan showed that the maximum response was obtained with a type 300 train running at a speed of 245 km/h. The mitigation of vibration using X-configured wave-impeding barriers consisting of stiffened soil columns is described. For the covering abstract see ITRD E109863.