Syntheses of porous carbons

The syntheses of porous carbons are summarized by dividing them into microporous, mesoporous, macroporous, and hierarchically porous carbons. They are described on the basis of synthesis procedures, i.e., activation, template-assisted carbonization, and precursor design, including polymer blend, carbon aerogels, etc. For the synthesis of macroporous carbons, carbonization with blowing, exfoliation of graphite, and assemblage of fibrous carbons are also described.