Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS) is an infectious disease that has occurred in some regions of China in recent years. With fever, thrombocytopenia, and multiple organ dysfunction as the main clinical manifestations, the patients with SFTS had a fatality rate up to 10%. SFTS bunyavirus(SFTSV) has been identified as the causative pathogen of SFTS. This article reviews the clinical features of SFTS, study of SFTS pathogenesis using animal model, epidemiology, detection methods, and replication features of SFTSV.