Development of early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: A precision medicine perspective

As one of the leading causes of death worldwide, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) prevalence increases exponentially in populations aged 65 +, with 95% of cases classified as ‘sporadic.’ Although personalized medicine has gained traction in treating diseases like cancer and cystic fibrosis, its application in treating multifactorial neurodegenerative disorders like AD is still in its infancy. In the case of AD, the integration of precision medicine into everyday clinical practice will require concerted efforts between scientific and government institutions to generate neuroimaging and fluid biomarker databases that can help characterize AD neuropathology better. This chapter will explore how early identification of AD endophenotypes can be leveraged to create personalized therapies to change the clinical trajectory of and possibly prevent AD.