An EHDA Janus hybrids loaded with Bletilla striata polysaccharide and berberine for the treatment of diabetic ulcer

As a growing global epidemic, diabetic ulcers (DU) pose a significant incidence and recurrence rate, leading to high mortality and managements costs. The complex microenvironment of the wound requires multifunction properties of the dressing during the treatment, however, the distinct demands of the out and inner layers of the dressing brings challenges for the its development. In this study, a novel Janus BPR/CuO dressing was developed by electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA). Bletilla striata polysaccharide and berberine was encapsulated in PVA in by co-axial electrospinning to produce hydrophilic inner nanofibrous layer and nanodroplets hydrophobic out-layer was formed by electrostatic spray using PLA loaded with CuO. The results demonstrated excellent water absorption (268.6 ± 14.36 %), WVTR (1742 ± 397.6 g/m2/day), and mechanical strength of the dressing. In vitro studies showed excellent antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Animal experiments showed that the BPR/CuO membrane significantly accelerated the healing of diabetic wound in mice with a wound closure rate of 91.99 ± 2.176 % on the 10th day, surpassing other groups at the same time. Skin histological analyses illustrated that the BPR/CuO membrane effectively suppressed inflammation at the wound site, promoted epithelial regeneration, and stimulated collagen deposition. Consequently, the multifunctional Janus membrane could offer a new design and preparation strategy for accelerating the healing process of diabetic ulcers.